Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY, cilt.156, ss.1-13, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Photovoltaic (PV) systems play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to the mitigation of global warming. However, as the PV installation area grows in global-scales, changes in reflection properties of Earth surface may modify the bond albedo. This geophysical effect of the PV covered Earth surface may lead to observable decreases in Bond albedo because the albedo of contemporary PV panel systems is mostly smaller than the ground albedo. Such a secondary effect may strengthen to a magnitude that causes unignorable additional warming. This study addresses geophysical and climatic effects of the global-scale PV installation. Although solar energy as a substitute of energy from fossil fuels can reduce greenhouse gases, this secondary effect of PV surfaces should be studied in order to maintain the advantages of the PV panel system in the mitigation of global warming. Therefore, to analyze effects of global-scale PV installations on the Bond albedo, a Bond Albedo Alteration (BAA) model is derived, and the global temperature anomaly depending on PV installation on various ground types, up to 5% of the total Earth surfaces, is analyzed. To deal with decreases in the bond albedo due to local PV covering, a PV panel albedo criterion is suggested. The albedo of PV panel surfaces can be enhanced according to the surface albedo of installed surfaces, and the PV albedo enhancement promises even cooling effects, these effects can be utilized for the constitution of feasible climate control strategies and the mitigation of global warming problems.