Why Development Finance Needs Political Economy: The National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) and India’s Turn to Market-Based Development Finance


Kahya P.

Manchester Workshops on ‘Is Development still possible?’ and ‘(Re-)establishing Political Economy in Development Studies’, Manchester, İngiltere, 09 Aralık 2025, (Yayınlanmadı)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Yayınlanmadı
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Manchester
  • Basıldığı Ülke: İngiltere
  • İnönü Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Contemporary development policy is increasingly organised around financial logics, reflecting what 

critical scholars describe as the financialization of development. The post-war paradigm of “finance for 

development”, which means supporting industrialization, structural transformation, and welfare 

expansion, has been displaced by “development for finance”, whereby public assets, institutions, and 

policy priorities are reconfigured to serve financial markets or to be delivered through them. Drawing 

on India’s recent infrastructure strategy, particularly the National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) and the 

growing use of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs), the 

paper demonstrates how the financialized turn operates in practice. India’s experience illustrates a wider 

contradiction: despite extensive state efforts to de-risk investment and convert public infrastructure into 

tradable assets, private capital remains limited, while public agencies and households absorb increasing 

risks. I argue that such transformations cannot be understood, or effectively challenged, without a 

political economy lens. Reclaiming development finance for socio-economic transformation requires 

re-politicizing development and reasserting public purpose over financial imperatives.