Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
HITIT THEOLOGY JOURNAL, cilt.20, sa.1, ss.433-457, 2021 (ESCI)
After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslims were deprived of his leadership and authority in the political arena as in many other fields. For this reason, it was inevitable that disputes would arise about how to direct political life, as well as about the ways in which religion is understood. The political leadership represented in the person of the Prophet had the power to resolve many conflicts. However, after that, Muslims lost this opportunity. The caliphate system, which was founded to compensate for this deficiency, tried to hold the Islamic community together and to establish unity among Muslims. During the first two caliphs, this unity was largely achieved with some exceptions. Despite the relative domestic politics of the periods of Abu Bakr and Omar, for example, Sa'd b. Ubade has drawn an opposing line. Despite this, Sa'd b. Ubade's opposition remained in the theoretical plan. During the Omar period, Sa'd left Medina and settled in Hawran. However, as one might expect, there appeared different ideas and opinions in politics. From time to time, these differences also turned into conflict. In such cases, which are also called as the period of strife, the Companions exhibited different attitudes towards these conflicts. While some strongly opposed Osman's practices, others preferred to remain silent. During the period until Ali came to the caliphate, the Companions generally showed their political attitude. The most striking group among these are those who chose to stay out of the events without choosing a political side.