Canal Hypersurfaces Generated by Pseudo-Null Curves with Bishop Frame in Lorentz–Minkowski 4-Space


Kazan A., Kazan S., Gür Mazlum ., Karaca ., Altın ., Grilli .

SYMMETRY, cilt.18, sa.6, ss.935-953, 2026 (SCI-Expanded)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 18 Sayı: 6
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3390/sym18060935
  • Dergi Adı: SYMMETRY
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.935-953
  • İnönü Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this paper, we deal with the canal hypersurfaces that are formed as the envelope of a family of pseudo-hyperspheres or pseudo-hyperbolic hyperspheres with centers lying on a pseudo-null curve with Bishop vector fields in four-dimensional Lorentz–Minkowski space. We give main theorems which contain the parametric expressions of these canal hypersurfaces along with their Gaussian, mean, and principal curvatures and important geometric characterizations. We also provide these characterizations for tubular hypersurfaces. Finally, we construct an example to allow for better understanding and comprehension of the results.