Green synthesis of rosehip-derived carbon quantum dots for reusable biocatalysts in sustainable fruit juice clarification
RSC Advances, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1039/d6ra02389d
- Dergi Adı: RSC Advances
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Compendex, Directory of Open Access Journals
- İnönü Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Plant-based renewable biomass resources hold significant potential for the production of environmentally friendly nanomaterials. Green synthesis approaches, which aim to utilize low-cost and easily accessible raw material sources without the use of toxic chemicals, are gaining increasing importance today. Therefore, the use of carbon-based (quantum dot) structures derived from plant-derived precursors as carrier supports in enzyme immobilization is extremely important both for transforming waste into value-added materials and for developing reusable biocatalytic systems. In this study, xylanase (XyL) enzyme was immobilized onto quantum dots obtained by carbonizing the rosehip (Rosa Canina L.) plant at 150 °C for 8 h. Subsequently, the structural and morphological properties of both RCQD and RCQD@XyL were analyzed using characterization techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. The immobilization efficiency was then calculated and determined to be 95.57 ± 0.51%. Subsequently, optimum pH values were determined for both free XyL and RCQD@XyL, and this value was determined to be pH 6 for both. The optimum temperature values were determined to be 50 °C for free XyL and 40 °C for RCQD@XyL. In addition, the activation energies (Ea) of free XyL and RCQD@XyL were calculated as 6.537 and 7.577 kJ mol−1, respectively. In the reusability studies conducted, it was observed that RCQD@XyL retained approximately 25% of its initial activity even after 5 usage cycles. Furthermore, RCQD@XyL maintained its activity better than free XyL even in the presence of various metal ions and organic solvents. Finally, in our study, we evaluated the clarification potential of both RCQD and RCQD@XyL in terms of fruit juice clarification as an industrial application. While RCQD alone provided 66.753 ± 7.406% clarification, the RCQD@XyL combination had a clarification potential of 98.633 ± 1.175%. Consequently, this study revealed that quantum dots obtained from natural and inexpensive plant sources, such as rosehip, can be used as an effective carrier in the development of high-performance, stable, and reusable biocatalysts when used in combination with enzymes.