Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ChemistrySelect, cilt.11, sa.16, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition marked by nephron loss, often leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Patients with ESRD commonly experience cutaneous complications such as uremic pruritus, linked to the accumulation of uremic solutes. Among these, tryptophan (Trp) and indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2CA) are significant biomarkers requiring sensitive detection. This study presents a rapid and precise electrochemical method for the simultaneous quantification of Trp and I2CA in plasma and skin samples from hemodialysis patients. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and AgNO3/N,N-dimethylformamide, and its properties were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Differential pulse voltammetry demonstrated linear responses for Trp (0.1–100 µg/mL) and I2CA (0.1–1.1 µg/mL) in a pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution. The method achieved detection limits of 0.079 µg/mL for Trp and 0.01 µg/mL for I2CA. Recovery rates ranged from 97.6% to 99.6% for Trp and 97.5% to 100.4% for I2CA in patient samples. This electrochemical sensor offers high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use, making it a promising tool for clinical monitoring of uremic toxins in CKD.