Hydrothermal synthesis of Mo-doped tin oxide (Mox@Sn1-xO2) microspheres as high-energy-density cathode material for supercapacitors
Journal of Energy Storage, cilt.170, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 170
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.est.2026.122725
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Energy Storage
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Compendex, INSPEC
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Energy storage, Microspheres, Molybdenum doping, Supercapacitor, Tin oxide
- İnönü Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Tin oxide (SnO2) is a promising electrode material for energy storage due to its high theoretical capacitance (~780 mAh/g), low cost, and favorable rutile structure featuring (001) channels that support ion intercalation. However, its practical application is limited by poor electrical conductivity and volume changes during cycling. Herein, we report a morphology- and composition-engineered approach to address these limitations. SnO2 with uniform spherical morphology and porous structure was synthesized using glucose as a soft template, enhancing surface area and structural stability. To further improve conductivity, a series of Mo-doped SnO2 (Mox@Sn1-XO2; 2–8 wt%) materials were prepared. The synergistic effect of optimized Mo doping and controlled morphology significantly enhances electrochemical performance. Structural and chemical characterization was carried out using PXRD, SEM-EDX, BET and XPS analyses. Electrochemical evaluation via cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that 6% Mo@SnO2 exhibits highest performance, delivering a high specific capacity of 1185C/g at 2 A/g. Furthermore, an asymmetric hybrid device (Mo@SnO2//AC) demonstrated a specific capacity of 440C/g, with an energy density of 36.6 Wh/kg at a power density of 1200 W/kg and excellent cycling stability with 98% capacity retention after 6000 cycles. These results highlight the effectiveness of combined doping and morphology control strategies for high-performance supercapacitor applications.